The scientific case of the beamline concentrates on physics and chemistry of systems, dominated by low dimensional and confinement effects, with an emphasis on in-situ and operando methods.
The beamline offers a variety of x-ray diffraction methods, such as
Accompanying absorption and secondary emission methods include
More scattering and spectroscopy methods, e.g. powder diffraction, small-angle x-ray scattering, GISAXS are also available with certain technical limitations. Coherent scattering methods can be employed, but the source is not optimized for coherent diffraction experiments.
P23 X-ray source is a spectroscopy type undulator providing up to 1013 photons in the core energy range 5 keV to 35 keV. Higher energies up to 50 keV are also available, but provide limited focusing capabilities. The x-ray optics consists of a double crystal monochromator, mirrors for harmonics rejection and beam collimation, and two groups of focusing lenses. The monochromator is equipped with Si(111) and Si(311) crystal pairs cooled with liquid nitrogen. The mirrors offer B4C, Pt and Rh surface coatings, which ensures operation in the whole energy range of the source. Beryllium focusing lenses in the optics hutch are designed for moderate 2:1 focusing, beam collimation and aperture matching operation in pair with the second lens changer in the experimental hutch. The latter can be positioned at variable distances 0.4 m - 2 m from the sample, thus providing a wide range of achievable beam spot sizes with demagnification factors down to 200:1.
A heavy load 5+2 circle Huber diffractometer in the experimental hutch can carry which can carry sample cells with up to 150 kg in horizontal scattering mode and up to 15 kg on an Eulerian cradle in the vertical mode. The instrumentation pool is aimed for multiscale analysis of nanostructured materials and devices. The available detectors include a state of the art 2D LAMBDA pixel detector with GaAs sensor and a time resolution up to 2 kHz